The prototype model developed with SMP085P module validates the performance of modified Cuk converter. Peak power is harvested from PV panel and optimal operating point is detected using HSM based MPPT method. Performance analysis of the Passive soft switched Cukconverter and conventional converter is ilustrated by simulation and experimental methods for various irradiation changes. The slower term suits the digital implementation because it van be treated as a linear control which works on the low frequency range and faster term implemented in analog way. The main benefit of the proposed solution is that it is possible to split the sliding Mode (SM) control equation in two terms: the first one is characterized by a combination of signals wich can be defined as fast and a second part obtained by a combination of signals which can be defined as slow. Sliding Mode Controller (SMC) is implemented in an Analog-Digital way. Conduction losses, voltage stress, and switching losses are reduced in soft switched Cuk converter by introducing a snubber cell which in turn improves Cuk converter efficiency. The A soft switched Cuk converter with Improved Perturb and Observe (P&O) based Maximum power point Tracker (MPPT) that uses a HybridSliding Mode (HSM) Controller is proposed to enhance performance of Photovoltaic (PV) generator. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the solution. The proposed system is compared with the recent pulse-current battery chargers. Thus, a particular parallel battery-capacitor topology is suggested in practice and then an innovative control system is precisely designed in order to implement pulse-current method and transfer smooth power in the presence of the intrinsic drastic changes in the battery power. On the other hand, the output active and reactive powers must track constant values without any variations for participation in vehicle-to-grid technology. This condition is also important in battery chargers which have not DC-AC stage and are powered by other power sources, for instance, fuel cell. On the one hand, drastic changes in the battery current and power during the cycles appear in the output of the battery charger, negatively affect the terminal, and frequently change the output active power. It applies positive, negative, and zero currents for each cycle. This paper proposes a battery charger for electric vehicles based on pulse-current charging method which has great distinct advantages and substantially enhances charging process. The weight of these impact factors on lifetime, charging speed, charging/discharging capacity, and the temperature rising of batteries is presented, which provides guidance to design advanced charging/discharging strategies as well as to determine future research gaps. Then the main impact factors of the PPC strategy and the NPC strategy are analyzed and discussed. An overview of the impact of pulsed current techniques on the performance of Li-ion batteries is presented. This paper summarizes the existing pulsed current modes, which are positive Pulsed Current Mode (PPC) and its five extended modes, and Negative Pulsed Current (NPC) mode and its three extended modes. ![]() However, the impact of the pulsed current parameters (i.e., frequency, duty cycle, and magnitude) on characteristics of Li-ion batteries has not been fully understood yet. The pulsed current charging technique is expected to improve the lifetime, charging speed, charging/discharging capacity, and the temperature rising of Li-ion batteries. ![]() However, there are still issues, which have to be solved, related to the fast-charging capability of EVs. Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries have been competitive in Electric Vehicles (EVs) due to their high energy density and long lifetime. The practical results with the frequency responses confirm that the two designs work well and have less output power changes compared to the recent relevant works. The two designs have been accurately formulated. ![]() It also attenuates the sudden battery power changes caused by pulse-voltage method. The second design is a pulse-voltage DC–DC stage suggested for high-power applications for the first time based on power electronics circuits. It employs a precisely designed control system to charge and discharge electric vehicles in a wide range of voltage level. The first design is a developed version of a studied non-dissipative pulse-current DC–DC stage in which the negative pulse current is generated by a current recirculating block. This paper proposes two battery charging systems for an electric vehicle charging station based on these methods. Pulse-voltage and pulse-current methods are widely used in advanced battery charging systems, because they enhance the overall charging process and prolong the battery lifetime.
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